Hmmz. Some stuff sounds familiar, although not quite what I remember playing.
So.. Dutch games at primarily elementary school:
Bulldog (I'm using your name, we called it "overlopie", or "walk-a-crossy" sort of translated)
Basically as previously described. It starts with 1 guy who's "it", and all the others on one side of the line. Then you try to get across. If you make it, great, if not, you work together and become "it" with the rest who are "it".
We varied the rules with.. Variations. Occasionally you were allowed to get back to the line you started from, but this wasn't often. More often you were allowed to take "one step across the line", not fully making a commitment to running. I think I also remember a variation where the people who were "it" had to form a line by holding hands. We never used rugby tackles though. And I can't recall any injuries from this particular game. Banning this game?
Other details: the way we decided who was the first to be "it", was simply the last one to make it across the line on the other side when recess started.
Also, this was simply the game that was played, primarily by the last class (senior class you'd call them I guess, to us this is simply "group 8"). Nothing else was played by those people, and there was a big part of the schoolgrounds that was pretty much dedicated to this game. So what did group 1-7 do? I can't remember many specifics. Hang around, a lot of people had specific hangspots I guess. Sometimes play other games, but there really wasn't anything that stuck out. Bully other schoolkids :p. Perhaps one thing that does[/i[] come to mind is:
I forgot what you call it, but we called it "anne maria-koekoek" (anne maria cuccoo)
Simply the game where someone at a wall is "it", and you have to make it to the wall without being seen moving. "Anne maria koekoek" is what the person who's "it" would say.
During physical exercise (what we call "gym"), if we do something that is more "gamey" (since I'm not listing the normal exercises we'd do):
Dodgeball
We call it trefbal, which basically literally translated means the same. I don't have to explain this.
In fact, this is probably the most prominent one, all the other stuff we did was mostly all kinds of gymnastics and some sports, and for the latter, predominantly football. But there was one game, wildy popular, and not listed here (but then again, it isn't something you'd do on the playground.
Apenkooi (literally translated monkey cage)
We didn't do this as much as we would have liked back then. Basically some crazy variant on tag. Everything that was available, could be used to set up some kind of obstacle course covering the whole gym, so mats, ropes, rings, ladders, hoops and other typical gymnastic stuff.. One person was "it". Nobody (including the tagger) can touch the ground or they are out automatically. If you're tagged, I think you join the tagger. I can't remember the specifics unfortunately, but I loved this game.
Outside of school, with friends and neighbour kids:
Bussietrap (no idea how to translate this, except the last part, which is "kick")
A variation on hide and seek. It sounds a little bit similar to that 40/40 which has been mentioned a few times, but not quite.
One person is "it". One of the others kicks a ball, as far as he can (ended up on the road a few times). The guy who's "it" has to get the ball, and with the ball, walk backwards, to the original location (near the tree in my case, on the grassfield in my old street). In the meantime, others go hide. the ball, when returned, is sort of the base in your 40/40 game. The person who's it, has to look for the others, and when he finds someone, it is a race to the ball. If he makes it (he has to yell "buurt <name>"), the one hiding is out. If the one hiding makes it first, he's free. The first person to be found and "buurted", is the next one to be "it" in the next round.
Usually there were rules to keep it fair. No hiding at home for example (), and no going to far out of the street.
If we were tired of playing that or simple football, we occasionally played
Bordjeball (numberplateball)
Ah crap, I can't remember the specifics of this one too. A variation on tag involving a tennisball. This one has some sort of obstacle course as well, but always along the wall of our building. They could be specific cars, entrancedoors, lampposts, or other things. These were the safehavens, people could not be tagged when touching these. The one who was the tagger, had to tag using the tennisball, whenever someone was trying to get across to one of the other safehavens. The thing is, he can't simply hold the ball, he had to constantly bounce it against the wall. What I can't remember is where the numberplate (the sign designating the housenumbers) fits in. I think the tagger not even simply had to bounce the ball against the wall, but the numberplates specifically, before he was allowed to attempt a tag.
Anyway, those were my games from yonder.